大秦铁路：4月大秦线货物运输量3116万吨，同比增长1.76%

同比 means 'compared to the same period last year' and is used with 增长 (increase) or 下降 (decrease) to express percentage changes in business/economic contexts. This is a formal statistical expression.

累计 means 'cumulative' or 'accumulated total' and is placed before a verb to indicate the sum of actions over a period. Common in formal reports and statistics.

完成 (to complete/accomplish) is a result verb that takes a direct object, often used in formal contexts to report completed tasks or achievements. The object typically represents measurable outcomes.

In formal Chinese, time expressions are often placed at the beginning of a sentence followed by a comma, establishing the temporal context before introducing the subject and action. This is standard in news and business writing.

获悉 is a formal written expression meaning 'to learn/be informed that', commonly used in news reports and official announcements. It's more formal than 知道 or 了解到.