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“由” is used to introduce the agent or responsible party, similar to “by” in English. When combined with “共同”, it emphasizes that multiple parties do something together. In formal and business Chinese, this pattern often appears in ownership, investment, or organization descriptions.
"该公司由创造力（上海）智能科技有限公司、智元机器人关联公司智元创新（上海）科技股份有限公司、常州汇智源点创业投资合伙企业（有限合伙）共同持股。"
This pattern is used to list representative examples, not a complete list. “包括” means “to include,” and “等” shows that other similar items are also included. It is very common in formal writing, reports, and descriptions of categories or business scope.
"经营范围包括服务消费机器人制造、工业机器人制造、人工智能理论与算法软件开发等。"
"项目产品包括富马酸伏诺拉生、阿哌沙班等高附加值原料药及中间体。"
“分……实施” means something is carried out in separate parts, phases, or stages. “分两期实施” specifically means “to implement in two phases.” This pattern is common in project planning, construction, and business announcements.
"项目分两期实施，建设期60个月，位于浙江省杭州湾上虞经济技术开发区。"
In formal written Chinese, “为” is often used instead of “是” to express identity, classification, amount, or source. It is common in news, finance, and official writing. Depending on context, it can mean “is,” “serves as,” or “amounts to.”
"法定代表人为王海兵。"
"资金来源为自有资金及银行贷款。"
“无需” is a formal written expression meaning “there is no need to.” It is stronger and more formal than “不需要.” It often appears in official notices, contracts, and business reports to indicate that some action is unnecessary.
"无需提交股东大会审议。"
up to
robot; android
item
company; firm; corporation
to find out
to act jointly
to implement
to manufacture; to make
relationship; connection
to involve
to illustrate
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