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Used to indicate what something is made up of or composed of. Structure: 由 + components + 组成
"由南开大学和上海空间电源研究所等单位科研人员组成的团队，取得了一项首创性的突破。"
Expresses achieving a result through a certain method or means. Structure: 通过 + method + 实现 + result
"通过全新的电解液技术，有望使现有锂电池在同等大小和重量的情况下，实现续航力的成倍提升"
"通过调控氟原子的电子密度和溶剂分子的空间位阻，既显著降低电解液用量，又具有快速电荷转移的动力学特性"
Used to express two qualities or actions occurring simultaneously. Emphasizes having both characteristics at the same time.
"电解液既想让离子快速解离，又想让离子发生快速的电荷转移反应"
"既显著降低电解液用量，又具有快速电荷转移的动力学特性"
Introduces the topic or object being discussed, similar to 'regarding' or 'as for'. Structure: 对于 + topic + verb phrase
"对于电池的能量效率、工作稳定性与温度适应性等都有关键意义"
"它的优点是对锂盐的溶解性很强"
Indicates a result or consequence that follows from a previous action or situation. Shows logical progression to an outcome.
"通过调控氟原子的电子密度和溶剂分子的空间位阻，既显著降低电解液用量，又具有快速电荷转移的动力学特性，从而同时提升了电池能量密度和低温适应能力"
(used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的[pi2 ge2 de5] "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的[pao3 tang2 r5 de5] "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的[xin1 de5] "new one")
CL:節|节[jie2],組|组[zu3]
(of eyes) bright
to promote (to a higher-ranking position)
to break through
fast; high-speed; rapid
(used after a verbal or nominal expression X to indicate that X is an extreme or unexpected case) even (X)
by (indicates the agent in a passive clause, like 被[bei4])
(of sb or sth) to be (located) at
function; performance; behavior
to approach; to move towards
energy
by the time; when; till
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