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Use “都” after subjects or noun phrases to say the action/result applies to every listed item. It often stresses that none of the items are excluded.
"大河小河里的水都流入了黄河。"
Use “像…一样” to compare one thing to another by saying it looks or behaves just like it. The structure is useful for describing resemblance or intensity.
"自己竟变得像涓涓细流一样。"
This paired structure expresses cause and effect or hypothetical outcomes: “如果/要是” introduces the condition, and “就” marks the expected consequence.
"如果不是来到您这里，我怎么会知道自己的渺小呢？"
"要是盲目骄傲下去，就会永远被有见识的人笑话了。"
“被” introduces the person or thing that causes the action; here it indicates the subject suffers the action, often with a negative result or feeling.
"就会永远被有见识的人笑话了。"
“对…说…” frames who is being spoken to before introducing the actual speech or message; it is the most common way to mention conversation partners.
"它对北海的海神若说：“如果不是来到您这里，我怎么会知道自己的渺小呢？”"
(used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
(respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well
(literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least
Chinese set expression, typically of 4 characters, often alluding to a story or historical quotation; idiom; proverb; saying; adage
one's own
to meet; to get together
quilt
ridiculous; absurd
exactly; precisely
knowledge
(bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
(literary) surplus; spare (Taiwan pr. [zhang4])
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