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Used to express passive voice, indicating the subject receives the action. Structure: Subject + 被 + (Agent) + Verb. Common in formal writing and news reports.
"国家烟草专卖局原副局长张天峰一审被判十二年"
"对被告人张天峰以受贿罪判处有期徒刑十二年"
A formal structure meaning 'to use/exploit [position/opportunity] to seek [benefits] for [someone]'. Pattern: 利用 + noun + 为 + beneficiary + 谋取 + benefits. Common in legal and official contexts.
"被告人张天峰利用担任...职务上的便利，为有关单位和个人在项目承揽、职工录用、工作调整、职务晋升等方面谋取利益"
Formal structure expressing 'in view of/given that [circumstances], according to law [action] can be taken'. 鉴于 introduces reasons/circumstances, 依法 means 'according to law', 可 indicates possibility/permission.
"鉴于张天峰归案后如实供述自己的罪行...依法可对其从轻处罚"
Used to specify particular areas, aspects, or fields. Structure: 在 + noun + 方面, meaning 'in terms of/regarding [something]'. Commonly used to categorize or specify domains.
"为有关单位和个人在项目承揽、职工录用、工作调整、职务晋升等方面谋取利益"
Formal structure meaning 'to give/apply [action] to [object]'. Structure: 对 + object + 予以 + action. 予以 is a formal way to say 'give' or 'apply', commonly used in official documents and legal contexts.
"对其受贿所得财物及孳息依法予以追缴，上缴国库"
(of eyes) bright
(used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的[pi2 ge2 de5] "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的[pao3 tang2 r5 de5] "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的[xin1 de5] "new one")
variant of 年[nian2]
middle level (in a hierarchy)
member
to fit; to suit
legal (proceedings)
to accept a bribe
date, day of the month
post
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