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This pattern is used to cite a news source or reported information. “据” means “according to,” and it is commonly followed by a source plus “报道/表示/统计/声明” in formal written Chinese.
"参考消息网3月21日报道 据香港《南华早报》网站3月19日报道，18日，上海与30家跨国公司地区总部和15家外资研发中心集中签约。"
"据统计，中国实际使用外资已连续三年收缩。"
“根据” introduces the basis, source, or evidence for a statement. It often appears in formal writing before policies, data, statements, or official documents.
"根据上海市商务委的声明，上海本周颁发证书认定了一批跨国公司地区总部和研发中心，其中有8家世界500强企业。"
This structure is used to list examples without giving a complete list. “包括” introduces included items, and “等” shows that there are other similar items not mentioned.
"一些企业来自上海重点发展产业领域，包括生物医药、集成电路和高端装备等。"
This pattern places an event or fact within a broader situation, process, or context. It is very common in formal and written Chinese to mean “in,” “during,” or “as part of” something.
"在中国政府试图吸引外资企业、赢回投资者信心的努力中，上海一直处于核心地位。"
"在1月实际使用外国直接投资中，高技术产业占总额的36.7%，研发与设计服务投资激增175.1%。"
This concessive pattern shows contrast: even though one situation exists, another result still happens. In the text, “尽管” is paired with “但” implicitly, and “仍” emphasizes that the second situation continues despite the first.
"尽管资金规模有波动，但上海新设外资企业数量和地区总部规模仍在持续增长。"
(used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
(literary) harmonious (variant of 和[he2])
(of sb or sth) to be (located) at
general headquarters
to develop
region; area (informal or geographical term)
month
center; heart; core
(polite) my (sister, uncle etc)
CL:家[jia1]
watch (e.g. of a sentry or guard)
meso- (chemistry)
to remain
foreign investment
ground
CL:家[jia1]
realistic
China
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