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Used to connect two parallel actions, qualities, or evaluations. It means that both statements are true at the same time. In formal writing, it is often used to show two functions, effects, or implications of one thing.
"如何应对油价飞涨，既考验一个国家经济发展韧性，也折射一个国家应对危机的价值排序。"
"能够避免油价跟随国际市场剧烈波动，既减轻消费者负担，又保障经济社会平稳运行，殊为不易。"
This pattern introduces a time or condition under which something happens. In formal and explanatory texts, it is often used to describe rules, mechanisms, or responses under different circumstances.
"当国际油价高于每桶130美元时，国内汽、柴油最高零售价格不提或少提；低于40美元时，国内汽、柴油最高零售价格不降低。"
"3月23日24时起，我国对国内成品油价格采取临时调控措施。"
Used to show a range, progression, or listing of related items from one point to another. In this text, it helps organize multiple policy areas or strategic actions in a structured way.
"从形成多元化的能源进口格局，摆脱对单一来源的依赖，到持续推进光伏、风能、水电等绿色能源蓬勃发展，形成多能互补、抗风险能力强的新型能源体系；再到构建全球规模最大、技术领先的电力网络……"
"从严守耕地红线，进一步完善粮食储备体系，始终绷紧保障粮食安全这根弦；到完善重要民生商品价格调控机制，稳稳托举老百姓菜篮子、果盘子……"
正是 is used for emphasis, highlighting the exact reason, factor, or identity. It is common in formal argumentation to stress what plays the key role in producing an outcome.
"成熟的成品油价格机制，正是此次抵御国际油价冲击的防波堤。"
"这一价格机制正是“有形之手”与“无形之手”协同配合的展现。"
Used to express concession: even though one situation exists, another result still holds. The second part may use 但, 但是, 可是, or be left implied in formal writing. This is important for understanding contrast in argumentative texts.
"尽管外部环境存在各种不确定性和风险，但我们内心深处无比踏实、无比安定。"
of; ~'s (possessive particle)
international
(bound form) basic; fundamental
(used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)
energy sources; energy
price
to control
China
variant of 是[shi4]
(of a computer) to run
CL:個|个[ge4]
mechanism
to guarantee
to have; there is
diesel fuel
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