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Grammar Points
自...以来— Since... (time marker)HSK 5
Used to indicate a starting point in time and emphasize the duration or events that have occurred since then. '自' means 'from/since' and '以来' means 'since then'.
"自美国最高法院上周五推翻特朗普的许多关税以来，已有数十家公司涌入法院"
对...来说— For... / As far as... is concernedHSK 4
Used to express 'from the perspective of' or 'for someone/something'. It introduces the subject being discussed from a particular viewpoint.
"对企业来说，获得退款可能需要更长的时间"
为(了)...（而）— In order to / For the purpose ofHSK 4
Expresses purpose or reason. '为' or '为了' introduces the goal, and the main action follows (sometimes with '而').
"为保护投资者利益，本基金将于2026年2月27日开市起至当日10:30停牌"
至少— At leastHSK 4
Used to indicate a minimum amount or degree. It emphasizes that the actual number could be higher but is definitely not lower than stated.
"至少1800家公司已提起诉讼"
"至少征收了1300亿美元税款"
由...提供— Provided by / Supplied byHSK 5
Passive construction using '由' to indicate the agent performing the action. '由' introduces who/what provides or does something.