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“由” is used to show who performs an action, often in a formal or written passive-style structure. “共同” means “jointly / together,” so “由A和B共同……” means something is done jointly by A and B.
"并由特斯拉和SpaceX共同运营。"
"该厂将配备制造和测试各类芯片所需的全套设备。"
“旨在” is a formal expression meaning “to aim at,” “to be intended to,” or “with the goal of.” It is often followed by a verb phrase explaining the purpose of a plan, policy, or project.
"这项旨在最终为机器人、人工智能和太空数据中心制造自有芯片的宏伟计划将落户奥斯汀。"
This pattern expresses contrast. “尽管” means “although / even though,” and “但” means “but.” It shows that the second clause happens despite the situation in the first clause.
"尽管半导体行业正在增加产量，但其发展速度仍无法满足他预期的芯片需求。"
“要么……要么……” presents two alternatives, similar to “either... or...” in English. It is commonly used to show a forced choice between two options.
"要么我们建造‘太瓦级工厂’，要么我们就没有芯片可用。"
“所 + verb + 的” is a formal nominal structure. In “所需的,” it means “that is needed / required.” It modifies a noun and is common in written Chinese.
"该厂将配备制造和测试各类芯片所需的全套设备。"
a taxi; a cab (abbr. for 的士[di1 shi4])
we; us; ourselves; our
computer chip; microchip
(literary) to command; to lead
(literary) harmonious (variant of 和[he2])
item
(of sb) to express; to state; to show
to settle
(of train, bus etc) to be in service
to construct; to build
(often followed by 著|着[zhe5]) taking advantage of
to anticipate
CL:家[jia1],座[zuo4]
because of; due to
collaborative
velocity
either one or the other
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