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This pattern means 'under ...' or 'in the context of ...'. It introduces the condition, policy background, or larger situation under which something happens. In formal and economic writing, it is often used to describe how a result appears under certain market or policy conditions.
"企业资本开支意愿逐步降低下，石油化工行业供给有望逐步优化。"
"在“反内卷”等政策引导下，供给侧有望加快调整。"
有望 means 'to have hope of' or 'to be expected to'. It is commonly used in news and formal analysis to express a positive prediction about future development. The structure is usually 有望 + verb phrase.
"石油化工行业供给有望逐步优化。"
"供给侧有望加快调整，大宗化工品盈利或迎改善。"
由……驱动 means 'to be driven by ...'. It explains the cause or main force behind a trend, change, or result. This passive-style formal structure is very common in business, economics, and academic Chinese.
"2月提价产品主要由供给偏紧、头部企业提价意愿较强等因素驱动。"
"中长期伴随欧美高能耗装置退出、亚非拉地区经济增长等需求增量驱动，出海、出口成国内化工行业的重要增长引擎。"
自……以来 means 'since ...'. It marks the starting point of an action or trend that continues up to the present reference point. It is common in formal written Chinese and often appears with words like 持续, 一直, 逐步.
"处于2012年以来最低分位数。"
"行业资本开支增速自2025年6月以来持续下降。"
伴随……，…… is used to show that one situation happens along with another. It can introduce a background trend, parallel change, or accompanying condition. In formal texts, it often links macroeconomic changes with later outcomes.
"中长期伴随欧美高能耗装置退出、亚非拉地区经济增长等需求增量驱动，出海、出口成国内化工行业的重要增长引擎。"
year
to provide
by the time; when; till
trade; profession; industry; business
hopeful
second (of two parts)
profit
progressively
since (a previous event)
capital (economics)
drive mechanism (tape or disk)
company; firm; enterprise; corporation
desire
moon
expenditures; expenses (CL:筆|笔[bi3],項|项[xiang4])
to optimize
to incline towards
to grow; to increase
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