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Used to introduce the source of information, often in formal or news-style Chinese. 据 means 'according to', and it is commonly followed by a report, survey, announcement, or institution. 据……显示 is especially common when citing data or findings.
"据德国工商总会（DIHK）的一项调查显示，受地缘政治紧张局势加剧和保护主义抬头的影响，德国企业正面临数十年来最严峻的贸易壁垒。"
"36氪获悉，海底捞公布2025年全年业绩。"
This structure shows that something happens because of an external factor. It is very common in formal writing and news reports. The pattern often introduces reasons in a concise and objective way.
"受地缘政治紧张局势加剧和保护主义抬头的影响，德国企业正面临数十年来最严峻的贸易壁垒。"
面临 is a formal verb meaning 'to face' a situation, challenge, or problem. It is often used in news, business, and academic Chinese to describe difficulties, risks, or important circumstances.
"德国企业正面临数十年来最严峻的贸易壁垒。"
"86%的受访者指出在该国面临困难。"
截至 is used to mark a deadline or endpoint in time, meaning 'as of' or 'up to'. It is very common in reports, statistics, and business writing when giving data valid at a certain time.
"截至2025年末，公司共经营1383家餐厅，其中自营门店1304家、加盟门店79家。"
其中 is used to introduce a breakdown of a larger total, meaning 'among them' or 'of which'. It helps organize statistical or descriptive information by separating categories within a whole.
"截至2025年末，公司共经营1383家餐厅，其中自营门店1304家、加盟门店79家。"
"在接受调查的2400家企业中，有69%的企业表示其国际业务面临的贸易壁垒有所增加。"
(used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
(statistics) compared with the same period of the previous year; year on year; year over year
company; firm; enterprise; corporation
to face sth; to be confronted with
to grow; to increase
home
CL:個|个[ge4]
(of sth) to indicate; to signify; to show
old variant of 最[zui4]
to fish up
(of sb or sth) to be (located) at
to behave as
dining hall
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