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对话|海湾战事三周(下):战争使伊朗政权更军事化,国家性质将发生改变

intermediate澎湃21 min read
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Grammar Points

在……情况下in the situation/under the condition thatHSK 5

This pattern introduces the condition or circumstances under which something happens. It is very common in formal written Chinese, especially news and analysis. The phrase before “情况下” describes the background situation, and the main clause tells what happens in that context.

"真主党和哈马斯在人员规模和制度体系上都远不及伊朗,但他们的指挥层在被定点清除以及严重削弱的情况下,仍具备生存与运作能力。"

"一些情报和安全界人士也承认在缺乏大规模地面部队介入的情况下,实现政权更迭的前景非常有限。"

不仅……也……not only... but also...HSK 4

This pattern connects two related results, features, or evaluations. It is used to emphasize that one thing is true, and another additional thing is also true. In formal writing, it often appears in analysis and argumentation.

"这些袭击不仅波及居民区,还造成251个医疗中心、498所学校以及17个红新月会中心受损。"

"选择穆杰塔巴不仅是权力安排,也是政治信号,这既是对内强化安全治理的延续,也是对美以的强硬回应。"

若……将……if... then will...HSK 5

“若” is a formal written alternative to “如果”. It introduces a condition, and “将” often expresses a predicted or expected future result. This structure is very common in news reports, policy statements, and official language.

"若任何国家以任何形式允许伊朗的敌对方使用其领土或军事基地,将被视为直接参战方,成为伊朗的打击目标。"

"因此若穆杰塔巴遭暗杀,我不知道还有谁(尤其跟革命卫队保持密切关系的人)能接替他。"

以……为……take... as/use... asHSK 5

This structure means “to take A as B” or “to use A as B/basis/standard.” It is widely used in formal Chinese to show classification, basis, purpose, or condition. The second part is often a role, identity, standard, or prerequisite.

"哈梅内伊以“殉难者”身份结束其政治生命,在体制话语中反而具有高度动员效果和合法性。"

"因此,即使特朗普提出停火,伊朗方面也可能选择继续提高冲突成本,以强化威慑效果,让对手在未来行动时更加谨慎。"

无论……都……no matter... all/still...HSK 4

This pattern expresses that the result does not change regardless of different possibilities. It is useful for describing broad, unconditional statements. In this text, it appears in analytical discussion to show that different options lead to a similar conclusion.

"无论朝哪个方向发展,伊朗的政治与安全结构都很可能进入新的阶段。"

"相比过去60%至70%的投票率,最近无论是议会、专家会议还是总统选举,参与率普遍下降到40%左右,甚至更低。"

Key Vocabulary

deHSK1

(used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)

zàiHSK1

(of sb or sth) to be (located) at

伊朗yī lǎng
HSK4

variant of 歟|欤[yu2]

体系tǐ xìHSK6

system

安全ān quánHSK3

safe; secure

政治zhèng zhìHSK5

political

HSK1
HSK1

(sports) to draw; to tie

shìHSK1

correct; right; true

leHSK1

(of eyes) bright

zhōngHSK3

within; among; in

革命gé mìngHSK6

to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning)

卫队wèi duì
可能kě néngHSK2

CL:個|个[ge4]

gèngHSK3

still more

国家guó jiāHSK3

CL:個|个[ge4]

权力quán lìHSK6

power

bèiHSK3

(literary) to suffer (a misfortune)

xiàHSK1

lower

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